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| Answers of Frequently Asked Questions about CDM |
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1 |
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question |
What is a CDM project? |
| Answer |
Clean Development
Mechanism (CDM) is one of the flexible mechanisms
following the Kyoto Protocol. Article 12 of this
protocol states all the regulating framework of
the CDM. The CDM offers industrialized countries
the possibility to engage in economically and environmentally
competitive emission reduction projects in developing
countries. Through the CDM, certified emission reductions
(CERs) will be generated. Projects that will be
implemented through the CDM have to fulfill additional
criteria that will be defined by a national framework
of the host countries (developing countries, where
the project will be implemented: Non-Annex I countries).
A CDM project has a pre-defined project-cycle that
was defined by the UNFCCC, the official executive
institution concerning these questions. |
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2 |
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question |
Who is an Annex
I country? |
| Answer |
Annex I countries are developed countries and
countries undergoing the process of transition
to market economy. All Annex I countries have
specific limitation targets for greenhouse gas
emissions.
| Australia |
Austria |
Belarus |
Belgium |
| Bulgaria |
Canada |
Croatia |
Czech Republic |
| Denmark |
Estonia |
EU |
Finland |
| France |
Germany |
Greece |
Hungary |
| Ireland |
Iceland |
Italy |
Japan |
| Latvia |
Liechtenstein |
Lithuania |
Luxembourg |
| Monaco |
Netherlands |
New Zealand |
Norway |
| Poland |
Portugal |
Romania |
Russian Federation |
| Slovakia |
Slovenia |
Spain |
Sweden |
| Switzerland |
Turkey |
Ukraine |
UK |
| USA |
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| No |
3 |
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question |
Which of the Annex
I countries are the countries undergoing the process
of transition to a market economy? |
| Answer |
| Bulgaria |
Croatia |
Czech Republic |
Estonia |
| Hungary |
Latvia |
Lithuania |
Poland |
| Romania |
Russian Federation |
Slovakia |
Slovenia |
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| No |
4 |
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question |
What is the CDM
Executive Board (EB)? |
| Answer |
The CDM Executive
Board (EB) supervised CDM, under the authority and
guidance of the COP/MOP. EB is the technical committee
of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC).
The primary task of the EB is to
supervise the CDM under the authority and guidance
of the COP/MOP. The EB is furthermore responsible
for registering CDM project activities and for the
operationalization of accreditation procedures and
standards. Besides, the EB is in charge of issuing
CERs in accordance to the verification reports made
by the Designated Operational Entity (DOE) and allocating
the CERs into the Kyoto Protocol registry accounts.
The Board comprises 10 experts drawn from the parties
to the Kyoto Protocol as follows: One representative
from each of the five UN regions (Africa, Asia,
Latin America and the Caribbean, Central Eastern
Europe and OECD), Two representatives from Annex
I and Non-Annex I countries respectively and one
representative from the small island developing
states. |
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5 |
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question |
What is a Designated
Operational Entity (DOE)? |
| Answer |
The Designated
Operational Entity (DOE) under the CDM is a domestic
legal entity or an international organization accredited
and designated, on a provisional basis until confirmed
by the COP/MOP, by the Executive Board. The DOE
has two functions; (a) the DOE validates and subsequently
requests registration of a proposed CDM project
activity which will be considered valid after 8
weeks if no request for review was made (b) the
DOE verifies emission reduction of a registered
CDM project activity, certifies as appropriate and
requests the Executive Board to issue CERs accordingly.
The issuance will be considered final 15 days after
the request is made unless a request of review is
made. |
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| No |
6 |
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question |
What is a Designated
National Authority (DNA)? |
| Answer |
All countries wishing
to undertake CDM activities are required to, according
to the Kyoto Protocol, appoint a Designated National
Authority (DNA).
One of the key tasks of the DNA is to establish
an efficient and transparent national CDM project
approval procedure for the evaluation of project
ideas submitted to the authority and in particular
to verify their conformity to the national sustainable
development criteria. Upon approval the DNA is responsible
for issuing the host country letter of approval
to the CDM project proponent, which is required
before the project can be registered by the Executive
Board. |
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| No |
7 |
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question |
What is a Project
Design Document (PDD)? |
| Answer |
This is the principal
document used by project participants to get a CDM
project approved. Its format is outlined in Appendix
B of the Modalities
and Procedures of the CDM. Its contents are
evolving, and may change over time as the Executive
Board (EB) of UNFCCC is continuously working on
improving the modalities and procedures of the CDM.
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